![]() ![]() These proteins attract monocytes, macrophages and T cells to the site of infection, promoting further inflammation (with the addition of IFNγ produced by T cells) and establishing a pro-inflammatory feedback loop. These are recognized by neighbouring epithelial cells, endothelial cells and alveolar macrophages, triggering the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (including IL-6, IP-10, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP1α), MIP1β and MCP1). When severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects cells expressing the surface receptors angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and TMPRSS2, the active replication and release of the virus cause the host cell to undergo pyroptosis and release damage-associated molecular patterns, including ATP, nucleic acids and ASC oligomers. Finally, we highlight the implications of these approaches for potential therapeutic interventions that target viral infection and/or immunoregulation. From nascent reports describing SARS-CoV-2, we make inferences on the basis of the parallel pathophysiological and immunological features of the other human coronaviruses targeting the lower respiratory tract - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). We describe the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the immune system and the subsequent contribution of dysfunctional immune responses to disease progression. Here, we provide an overview of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Alongside investigations into the virology of SARS-CoV-2, understanding the fundamental physiological and immunological processes underlying the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is vital for the identification and rational design of effective therapies. acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 7 Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. 6 Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. 5 Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore. 4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. 2 Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.1 Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.Because of this, we believe we are the BEST medical school in the Caribbean with the results that prove it. The vast majority of our entering students graduate and achieve a residency placement on time. This provides the best learning environment in our opinion. Due to this, we prefer to remain high quality with small reasonably sized classes. We usually don’t take in 1,000-1,500 plus students each year like some other Caribbean medical schools and show 500-600 residency placements or add matches that are not relevant. As a result, this is a 6% increase over 2019, and IMGs experienced the highest match rate since 1991. A historic 40,084 applicants requested program choices for 37,256 positions, the most ever positions offered in the Match. The 2020 Residency Match was the largest in history. We are so proud as they take the next step on the way to their careers in medicine.Ģ020 Residency Match vs. Our graduates continue to represent our school in placements at top healthcare institutions across North America. Once again, Trinity graduates carry on our strong history of success in residency placement. Without a doubt, one of the most exciting days in the lives of medical students, (and medical school administrations) is Match Day. Success For Trinity’s Match Day Continues
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